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oci_bind_by_name

(PHP 5, PHP 7, PECL OCI8 >= 1.1.0)

oci_bind_by_name绑定一个 PHP 变量到一个 Oracle 位置标志符

说明

oci_bind_by_name ( resource $stmt , string $ph_name , mixed &$variable [, int $maxlength [, int $type ]] ) : bool

oci_bind_by_name() 将 PHP 变量 variable 绑定到 Oracle 的位置标志符 ph_name。该变量是否会被用作输入输出是在运行时决定的,并且函数给该变量分配必要的存储空间。length 参数确定该绑定的最大长度,如果将 length 设为 -1,oci_bind_by_name() 会用 variable 变量的当前长度确定绑定的最大长度。

如果要绑定一个抽象数据类型(LOB/ROWID/BFILE),需要先用 oci_new_descriptor() 函数分配空间。length 没有用于抽象数据类型,应被设为 -1。type 参数告诉 Oracle 要使用什么样的描述符。可能的值为:

  • SQLT_FILE - 对应于 BFILE;

  • SQLT_CFILE - 对应于 CFILE;

  • SQLT_CLOB - 对应于 CLOB;

  • SQLT_BLOB - 对应于 BLOB;

  • SQLT_ROWID - 对应于 ROWID;

  • SQLT_NTY - 对应于有名字的数据类型;

  • SQLT_INT - 对应于 integers;

  • SQLT_CHR - 对应于 VARCHARs;

  • SQLT_BIN - 对应于 RAW 列;

  • SQLT_LNG - 对应于 LONG 列;

  • SQLT_LBI - 对应于 LONG RAW 列;

  • SQLT_RSET - 对应于游标,是之前由 oci_new_cursor() 创建的。

Example #1 oci_bind_by_name() 例子

<?php
/* oci_bind_by_name example thies at thieso dot net (980221)
  inserts 3 records into emp, and uses the ROWID for updating the
  records just after the insert.
*/

$conn oci_connect("scott""tiger");

$stmt oci_parse($conn"
                          INSERT INTO
                                     emp (empno, ename)
                                              VALUES
                                     (:empno,:ename)
                            RETURNING
                                     ROWID
                                 INTO
                                     :rid
                                         "
);

$data = array(
              
1111 => "Larry",
              
2222 => "Bill",
              
3333 => "Jim"
             
);

$rowid oci_new_descriptor($connOCI_D_ROWID);

oci_bind_by_name($stmt":empno"$empno32);
oci_bind_by_name($stmt":ename"$ename32);
oci_bind_by_name($stmt":rid",   $rowid, -1OCI_B_ROWID);

$update oci_parse($conn"
                            UPDATE
                                  emp
                               SET
                                  sal = :sal
                             WHERE
                                  ROWID = :rid
                             "
);
oci_bind_by_name($update":rid"$rowid, -1OCI_B_ROWID);
oci_bind_by_name($update":sal"$sal,   32);

$sal 10000;

foreach (
$data as $empno => $ename) {
    
oci_execute($stmt);
    
oci_execute($update);
}

$rowid->free();

oci_free_statement($update);
oci_free_statement($stmt);

$stmt oci_parse($conn"
                          SELECT
                                *
                            FROM
                                emp
                           WHERE
                                empno
                              IN
                                (1111,2222,3333)
                              "
);
oci_execute($stmt);

while (
$row oci_fetch_assoc($stmt)) {
    
var_dump($row);
}

oci_free_statement($stmt);

/* delete our "junk" from the emp table.... */
$stmt oci_parse($conn"
                          DELETE FROM
                                     emp
                                WHERE
                                     empno
                                   IN
                                     (1111,2222,3333)
                                   "
);
oci_execute($stmt);
oci_free_statement($stmt);

oci_close($conn);
?>

记住,本函数删除了行尾的空白字符。见以下例子:

Example #2 oci_bind_by_name() 例子

<?php
$connection 
oci_connect('apelsin','kanistra');
$query "INSERT INTO test_table VALUES(:id, :text)";

$statement oci_parse($query);
oci_bind_by_name($statement":id"1);
oci_bind_by_name($statement":text""trailing spaces follow     ");
oci_execute($statement);
/*
 This code will insert into DB string 'trailing spaces follow', without
 trailing spaces
*/
?>

Example #3 oci_bind_by_name() 例子

<?php
$connection 
oci_connect('apelsin','kanistra');
$query "INSERT INTO test_table VALUES(:id, 'trailing spaces follow      ')";

$statement oci_parse($query);
oci_bind_by_name($statement":id"1);
oci_execute($statement);
/*
 And this code will add 'trailing spaces follow      ', preserving
 trailing whitespaces
*/
?>

Warning

不要将 magic_quotes_gpcaddslashes()oci_bind_by_name() 同时使用,因为不需要转义,任何自动加上的引号都会被写入数据库中,因为 oci_bind_by_name() 不能分辨有意加上的引号和魔术引号。

成功时返回 TRUE, 或者在失败时返回 FALSE

Note:

在 PHP 5.0.0 之前的版本必须使用 ocibindbyname() 替代本函数。该函数名仍然可用,为向下兼容作为 oci_bind_by_name() 的别名。不过其已被废弃,不推荐使用。

参数

statement

A valid OCI8 statement identifer.

bv_name

The colon-prefixed bind variable placeholder used in the statement. The colon is optional in bv_name. Oracle does not use question marks for placeholders.

variable

The PHP variable to be associated with bv_name

maxlength

Sets the maximum length for the data. If you set it to -1, this function will use the current length of variable to set the maximum length. In this case the variable must exist and contain data when oci_bind_by_name() is called.

type

The datatype that Oracle will treat the data as. The default type used is SQLT_CHR. Oracle will convert the data between this type and the database column (or PL/SQL variable type), when possible.

If you need to bind an abstract datatype (LOB/ROWID/BFILE) you need to allocate it first using the oci_new_descriptor() function. The length is not used for abstract datatypes and should be set to -1.

Possible values for type are:

  • SQLT_BFILEE or OCI_B_BFILE - for BFILEs;

  • SQLT_CFILEE or OCI_B_CFILEE - for CFILEs;

  • SQLT_CLOB or OCI_B_CLOB - for CLOBs;

  • SQLT_BLOB or OCI_B_BLOB - for BLOBs;

  • SQLT_RDD or OCI_B_ROWID - for ROWIDs;

  • SQLT_NTY or OCI_B_NTY - for named datatypes;

  • SQLT_INT or OCI_B_INT - for integers;

  • SQLT_CHR - for VARCHARs;

  • SQLT_BIN or OCI_B_BIN - for RAW columns;

  • SQLT_LNG - for LONG columns;

  • SQLT_LBI - for LONG RAW columns;

  • SQLT_RSET - for cursors created with oci_new_cursor().

返回值

成功时返回 TRUE, 或者在失败时返回 FALSE

范例

Example #4 Inserting data with oci_bind_by_name()

<?php

// Create the table with:
//   CREATE TABLE mytab (id NUMBER, text VARCHAR2(40));

$conn oci_connect('hr''welcome''localhost/XE');
if (!
$conn) {
    
$m oci_error();
    
trigger_error(htmlentities($m['message']), E_USER_ERROR);
}

$stid oci_parse($conn,"INSERT INTO mytab (id, text) VALUES(:id_bv, :text_bv)");

$id 1;
$text "Data to insert     ";
oci_bind_by_name($stid":id_bv"$id);
oci_bind_by_name($stid":text_bv"$text);
oci_execute($stid);

// Table now contains: 1, 'Data to insert     '

?>

Example #5 Binding once for multiple executions

<?php

// Create the table with:
//   CREATE TABLE mytab (id NUMBER);

$conn oci_connect('hr''welcome''localhost/XE');
if (!
$conn) {
    
$m oci_error();
    
trigger_error(htmlentities($m['message']), E_USER_ERROR);
}

$a = array(1,3,5,7,11);  // data to insert

$stid oci_parse($conn'INSERT INTO mytab (id) VALUES (:bv)');
oci_bind_by_name($stid':bv'$v20);
foreach (
$a as $v) {
    
$r oci_execute($stidOCI_DEFAULT);  // don't auto commit
}
oci_commit($conn); // commit everything at once

// Table contains five rows: 1, 3, 5, 7, 11

oci_free_statement($stid);
oci_close($conn);

?>

Example #6 Binding with a foreach() loop

<?php

$conn 
oci_connect('hr''welcome''localhost/XE');
if (!
$conn) {
    
$m oci_error();
    
trigger_error(htmlentities($m['message']), E_USER_ERROR);
}

$sql 'SELECT * FROM departments WHERE department_name = :dname AND location_id = :loc';
$stid oci_parse($conn$sql);

$ba = array(':dname' => 'IT Support'':loc' => 1700);

foreach (
$ba as $key => $val) {

    
// oci_bind_by_name($stid, $key, $val) does not work
    // because it binds each placeholder to the same location: $val
    // instead use the actual location of the data: $ba[$key]
    
oci_bind_by_name($stid$key$ba[$key]);
}

oci_execute($stid);
$row oci_fetch_array($stidOCI_ASSOC+OCI_RETURN_NULLS);
foreach (
$row as $item) {
    print 
$item."<br>\n";
}

oci_free_statement($stid);
oci_close($conn);

?>

Example #7 Binding in a WHERE clause

<?php

$conn 
oci_connect("hr""hrpwd""localhost/XE");
if (!
$conn) {
    
$m oci_error();
    
trigger_error(htmlentities($m['message']), E_USER_ERROR);
}

$sql 'SELECT last_name FROM employees WHERE employee_id = :eidbv';
$stid oci_parse($conn$sql);
$myeid 101;
oci_bind_by_name($stid':eidbv'$myeid);
oci_execute($stid);
$row oci_fetch_array($stidOCI_ASSOC);
echo 
$row['LAST_NAME'] ."<br>\n";

// Output is
//    Kochhar

oci_free_statement($stid);
oci_close($conn);

?>

Example #8 Binding with a LIKE clause

<?php

$conn 
oci_connect('hr''welcome''localhost/XE');
if (!
$conn) {
    
$m oci_error();
    
trigger_error(htmlentities($m['message']), E_USER_ERROR);
}

// Find all cities that begin with 'South'
$stid oci_parse($conn"SELECT city FROM locations WHERE city LIKE :bv");
$city 'South%';  // '%' is a wildcard in SQL
oci_bind_by_name($stid":bv"$city);
oci_execute($stid);
oci_fetch_all($stid$res);

foreach (
$res['CITY'] as $c) {
    print 
$c "<br>\n";
}
// Output is
//   South Brunswick
//   South San Francisco
//   Southlake

oci_free_statement($stid);
oci_close($conn);

?>

Example #9 Binding with REGEXP_LIKE

<?php

$conn 
oci_connect('hr''welcome''localhost/XE');
if (!
$conn) {
    
$m oci_error();
    
trigger_error(htmlentities($m['message']), E_USER_ERROR);
}

// Find all cities that contain 'ing'
$stid oci_parse($conn"SELECT city FROM locations WHERE REGEXP_LIKE(city, :bv)");
$city '.*ing.*';
oci_bind_by_name($stid":bv"$city);
oci_execute($stid);
oci_fetch_all($stid$res);

foreach (
$res['CITY'] as $c) {
    print 
$c "<br>\n";
}
// Output is
//   Beijing
//   Singapore

oci_free_statement($stid);
oci_close($conn);

?>

For a small, fixed number of IN clause conditions, use individual bind variables. Values unknown at run time can be set to NULL. This allows a single statement to be used by all application users, maximizing Oracle DB cache efficiency.

Example #10 Binding Multiple Values in an IN Clause

<?php

$conn 
oci_connect('hr''welcome''localhost/XE');
if (!
$conn) {
    
$m oci_error();
    
trigger_error(htmlentities($m['message']), E_USER_ERROR);
}

$sql 'SELECT last_name FROM employees WHERE employee_id in (:e1, :e2, :e3)';
$stid oci_parse($conn$sql);
$mye1 103;
$mye2 104;
$mye3 NULL// pretend we were not given this value
oci_bind_by_name($stid':e1'$mye1);
oci_bind_by_name($stid':e2'$mye2);
oci_bind_by_name($stid':e3'$mye3);
oci_execute($stid);
oci_fetch_all($stid$res);
foreach (
$res['LAST_NAME'] as $name) {
    print 
$name ."<br>\n";
}

// Output is
//   Ernst
//   Hunold

oci_free_statement($stid);
oci_close($conn);

?>

Example #11 Binding a ROWID returned by a query

<?php

// Create the table with:
//   CREATE TABLE mytab (id NUMBER, salary NUMBER, name VARCHAR2(40));
//   INSERT INTO mytab (id, salary, name) VALUES (1, 100, 'Chris');
//   COMMIT;

$conn oci_connect('hr''welcome''localhost/XE');
if (!
$conn) {
    
$m oci_error();
    
trigger_error(htmlentities($m['message']), E_USER_ERROR);
}

$stid oci_parse($conn'SELECT ROWID, name FROM mytab WHERE id = :id_bv FOR UPDATE');
$id 1;
oci_bind_by_name($stid':id_bv'$id);
oci_execute($stid);
$row oci_fetch_array($stidOCI_ASSOC+OCI_RETURN_NULLS);
$rid $row['ROWID'];
$name $row['NAME'];

// Change name to upper case & save the changes
$name strtoupper($name);
$stid oci_parse($conn'UPDATE mytab SET name = :n_bv WHERE ROWID = :r_bv');
oci_bind_by_name($stid':n_bv'$name);
oci_bind_by_name($stid':r_bv'$rid, -1OCI_B_ROWID);
oci_execute($stid);

// The table now contains 1, 100, CHRIS

oci_free_statement($stid);
oci_close($conn);

?>

Example #12 Binding a ROWID on INSERT

<?php

// This example inserts an id & name, and then updates the salary
// Create the table with:
//   CREATE TABLE mytab (id NUMBER, salary NUMBER, name VARCHAR2(40));
//
// Based on original ROWID example by thies at thieso dot net (980221)

$conn oci_connect('hr''welcome''localhost/XE');
if (!
$conn) {
    
$m oci_error();
    
trigger_error(htmlentities($m['message']), E_USER_ERROR);
}

$sql "INSERT INTO mytab (id, name) VALUES(:id_bv, :name_bv)
        RETURNING ROWID INTO :rid"
;

$ins_stid oci_parse($conn$sql);

$rowid oci_new_descriptor($connOCI_D_ROWID);
oci_bind_by_name($ins_stid":id_bv",   $id,    10);
oci_bind_by_name($ins_stid":name_bv"$name,  32);
oci_bind_by_name($ins_stid":rid",     $rowid, -1OCI_B_ROWID);

$sql "UPDATE mytab SET salary = :salary WHERE ROWID = :rid";
$upd_stid oci_parse($conn$sql);
oci_bind_by_name($upd_stid":rid"$rowid, -1OCI_B_ROWID);
oci_bind_by_name($upd_stid":salary"$salary,   32);

// ids and names to insert
$data = array(1111 => "Larry",
              
2222 => "Bill",
              
3333 => "Jim");

// Salary of each person
$salary 10000;

// Insert and immediately update each row
foreach ($data as $id => $name) {
    
oci_execute($ins_stid);
    
oci_execute($upd_stid);
}

$rowid->free();
oci_free_statement($upd_stid);
oci_free_statement($ins_stid);

// Show the new rows
$stid oci_parse($conn"SELECT * FROM mytab");
oci_execute($stid);
while (
$row oci_fetch_array($stidOCI_ASSOC+OCI_RETURN_NULLS)) {
    
var_dump($row);
}

oci_free_statement($stid);
oci_close($conn);

?>

Example #13 Binding for a PL/SQL stored function

<?php

//  Before running the PHP program, create a stored function in
//  SQL*Plus or SQL Developer:
//
//  CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION myfunc(p IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER AS
//  BEGIN
//      RETURN p * 3;
//  END;

$conn oci_connect('hr''welcome''localhost/XE');
if (!
$conn) {
    
$e oci_error();
    
trigger_error(htmlentities($e['message']), E_USER_ERROR);
}

$p 8;

$stid oci_parse($conn'begin :r := myfunc(:p); end;');
oci_bind_by_name($stid':p'$p);

// The return value is an OUT bind. The default type will be a string
// type so binding a length 40 means that at most 40 digits will be
// returned.
oci_bind_by_name($stid':r'$r40);

oci_execute($stid);

print 
"$r\n";   // prints 24

oci_free_statement($stid);
oci_close($conn);

?>

Example #14 Binding parameters for a PL/SQL stored procedure

<?php

//  Before running the PHP program, create a stored procedure in
//  SQL*Plus or SQL Developer:
//
//  CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE myproc(p1 IN NUMBER, p2 OUT NUMBER) AS
//  BEGIN
//      p2 := p1 * 2;
//  END;

$conn oci_connect('hr''welcome''localhost/XE');
if (!
$conn) {
    
$e oci_error();
    
trigger_error(htmlentities($e['message']), E_USER_ERROR);
}

$p1 8;

$stid oci_parse($conn'begin myproc(:p1, :p2); end;');
oci_bind_by_name($stid':p1'$p1);

// The second procedure parameter is an OUT bind. The default type
// will be a string type so binding a length 40 means that at most 40
// digits will be returned.
oci_bind_by_name($stid':p2'$p240);

oci_execute($stid);

print 
"$p2\n";   // prints 16

oci_free_statement($stid);
oci_close($conn);

?>

Example #15 Binding a CLOB column

<?php

// Before running, create the table:
//     CREATE TABLE mytab (mykey NUMBER, myclob CLOB);

$conn oci_connect('hr''welcome''localhost/XE');
if (!
$conn) {
    
$e oci_error();
    
trigger_error(htmlentities($e['message']), E_USER_ERROR);
}

$mykey 12343;  // arbitrary key for this example;

$sql "INSERT INTO mytab (mykey, myclob)
        VALUES (:mykey, EMPTY_CLOB())
        RETURNING myclob INTO :myclob"
;

$stid oci_parse($conn$sql);
$clob oci_new_descriptor($connOCI_D_LOB);
oci_bind_by_name($stid":mykey"$mykey5);
oci_bind_by_name($stid":myclob"$clob, -1OCI_B_CLOB);
oci_execute($stidOCI_DEFAULT);
$clob->save("A very long string");

oci_commit($conn);

// Fetching CLOB data

$query 'SELECT myclob FROM mytab WHERE mykey = :mykey';

$stid oci_parse ($conn$query);
oci_bind_by_name($stid":mykey"$mykey5);
oci_execute($stid);

print 
'<table border="1">';
while (
$row oci_fetch_array($stidOCI_ASSOC)) {
  
$result $row['MYCLOB']->load();
  print 
'<tr><td>'.$result.'</td></tr>';
}
print 
'</table>';

?>

返回值

成功时返回 TRUE, 或者在失败时返回 FALSE

注释

Warning

Do not use magic_quotes_gpc or addslashes() and oci_bind_by_name() simultaneously as no quoting is needed. Any magically applied quotes will be written into your database because oci_bind_by_name() inserts data verbatim and does not remove quotes or escape characters.

Note:

If you bind a string to a CHAR column in a WHERE clause, remember that Oracle uses blank-padded comparison semantics for CHAR columns. Your PHP variable should be blank padded to the same width as the column for the WHERE clause to succeed.

Note:

The PHP variable argument is a reference. Some forms of loops do not work as expected:

<?php
foreach ($myarray as $key => $value)  {
    
oci_bind_by_name($stid$key$value);
}
?>

This binds each key to the location of $value, so all bound variables end up pointing to the last loop iteration's value. Instead use the following:

<?php
foreach ($myarray as $key => $value) {
    
oci_bind_by_name($stid$key$myarray[$key]);
}
?>

Note:

In PHP versions before 5.0.0 you must use ocibindbyname() instead. 在当前版本中,旧的函数名还可以被使用,但已经被废弃并不建议使用。

参见